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Tuesday, February 16, 2016

ICT in Manufacturing Industry and Business

ICT is used in manufacturing high quality products and reduce the cost of production by minimizing the use of human labour in many industries and businesses. Since high quality products are manufactured at low cost, people can buy good quality products at a relatively low price.
In the past decades a high level of human labour was needed in the manufacturing industry. Today most of the work performed by the human hands are performed by robots.

Benifits of using robots;






Example 1 - Video Conferencing
This technology has enabled different business communities who are geographically separated to convene face to face meetings while in at their own premises. The advantages of this technology are, no need to  convene at a special venue, saves time travelling, reducs travelling expenses etc.


Example 2 - Human Resource Managment
The administration of employee activities has become an easy task due to finger print scanner (used to  register attendance) and Card Reader (Identity Management). These devices help in recording the times of employees moving in and moving out of the office premises, preparing salaries accordingly, keeping records of leave taking etc. Today, the above devices are not only used in the private sector but also in the public sector in Sri Lanka.

Example 3 - e-Banking System
e-Banking has helped both the business community and all other people to do convenient banking. They are:
• The ability to withdraw cash anytime anywhere at ATM (Automatic Teller Machines) points
• Since banks are connected via internet, inter banking or transactional activities are made possible even within Sri Lanka or abroad.
• When you are registered in a banking network, it gives one the opportunity to pay utility bills, inter-banking transactions, checking the account balance etc using mobile phones.





Example 4 - Online Shopping
Online shopping known as electronic commerce which allows foreign or local company to sell its products or services via internet and the ability for a consumer to buy goods and services via internet. A buyer can order goods or services of his choice from a convenient place. The advantages of online shopping are:

• One can select any global commercial organization which is on the internet.
• Open 24 hours a day.
• able to see things and order at one’s convenient place.
• the ability to pay using the electronic payment methods such as credit cards.
• home delivery of goods. Because of these we can save on transport cost and avoid unnecessary travel related exhaustion

Top Online hopping Websites

http://www.walmart.com 
http://www.alibaba.com




ICT In Fishing Industry

Sensors are placed in different parts of the sea. These sensors convey information on fish concentration in the sea to the computers in fishing trawlers via internet.

Sunday, February 14, 2016

ICT in management of farmhouse

Example 1 - RFID – Radio Frequency Identification Device
The RFID help in identifying and counting the number of animals and also in locating the animals in a large area.

Example 2 - Automated milking and examination of cows
This machine which is programmed to function automatically is helpful in monitoring the health status of the cows and the quality of milk. This also helps in milking cows.

Example 3 -
For Security (Closed Circuit TV CCTV)
CCTV is employed to protect farm from the animals and thieves. When the cameras are connected by Wi-Fi (Wireless Fidelity) the farm can be monitored far away from the farm

Example 4 - Farm Management
Today’s farmer uses various computer applications in portable computers such as laptops, tabs, smart phones to keep track of information on his farm; to calculate profits and losses, to save employees salarydetails etc. Using this portable device which has internet connectivity, he is capable of monitoring the market rates, get updated on latest business information and exchange information.

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Wednesday, February 10, 2016

ICT in Agricultural Industry

ICT has created a new revolution in the field of agriculture. Today ICT is extensively used in agriculture, animal husbandry and fisheries industries. ICT for farming: A range of automatic machines are available today to ease the work of the farmer who worked hard in the field. These machines not only reduce the work of
a farmer but also enables him to produce high quality yields. Below is a some of the machines used in developed as well as developing countries.



Example 1 - Meteorological Devices
These devices are helpful in assessing the weather, climatic changes, rainfall, wind direction etc. Such data are useful in deciding on the crop cultivation and harvesting times.



Example 2 - Automated Insect Control
Devices With the help of this device we can minimize the harmful effects caused by insects. It displays on screen the density of insect population, its growth and movement.



Example 3 - Field conditions measuring devices
These devices help in measuring various parameters such as fertility and humidity levels of soil which aid in the determination of cultivation activities.





Example 4 - Drip irrigation

These devices control the supply of water as per the data fed. Wastage of water anddestruction of crops due to lack of water supply are minimized by the use of these devices


Example 5 - Automatic Weed remover
This machine runs through the field and removes the weed
s as per instructions provided by identifying crops and weeds separately.

Example 6 - Seedlings planter using Robotics
These robotic machines are used in large fields to carry seedlings across the field and to plant them in an  orderly manner.

Example 7 - Crop harvesting using Robots
Robotic machines are used to monitor plant growth levels, record them and harvesting in large scale farm lands. These machines help us overcome difficulties in managing large farm lands.



Example 8 - Greenhouse
The Greenhouse is the best solution to protect crops from natural disasters (too much sun shine, rain, heat, cold, pests, epidemics etc). ICT is used to control light, moisture and air inside the greenhouse.
Hence, farmers are able to make high quality products of rare crops to the market.



Monday, February 8, 2016

Telemedicine



The use of Information Communication Technology to examine and or provide healthcare to a patient who is far away from the hospital is called Telemedicine. This is made possible by remotely connecting the patient with hospital’s specialist unit or specialist doctors. Telemedicine has several advantages such as:

Example 1 - Emergency Telemedicine
Emergency telemedicine is the process of providing emergency care by a trained person in consultation with  a specialist in a hospital via telecommunication network and treating him when a patient (who lives in a remote village or flying in a plane or cruising in a ship) can not reach a hospital

Example 2 - Home health medicine
Keeping the patient at home and monitoring his/her condition using networked home monitoring system. The home monitoring of the health condition helps to decide when to transfer the patient to hospital

Example 3 - Telemedicine Consultation
Seeking medical consultation of a specialist at the Emergency Treatment Unit (ETU) when he/she is not physically available at site.




Example 4 - Telesurgery (Remote Surgery)
Remote surgery is the ability of a doctor to perform surgery on a patient  in consultation with a specialist (who is not physically present at the same location but in a far away town or  abroad) by the use of  Telecommunication Technologies.



Example 4 - Telesurgery (Remote Surgery)

Remote surgery is the ability of a doctor to perform surgery on a patient in consultation with a specialist (who is not physically present at the same location but in a far away town or abroad) by the use of  Telecommunication Technologies.
Example 5 - Medical Teletraining
Specialists’ consultation and training can be used to obtain the services of a medical professional at a remote place by the use of telecommunication technologies.









Thursday, February 4, 2016

ICT in Health Sector



Many of the difficult processes in the medical field have become efficient with through the use of modern equipment.
There are plenty of areas where ICT is used in the health sector for our well being. Let us consider some of them;

1' Use of ICT in diagnosis

Today, there are numerous high tech machines which help us in the diagnosis and treatment of diseases. Diseases can be diagnosed at the early stages and the patients can be given treatment accordingly. Some examples of these machines are:

Example 1 - CAT - Computerized Axial Tomography Machine

Using this machine three dimensional (3D) images of different parts of body can be made. These images are helpful in the diagnosis of diseases.








Example 2 - MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging Machine)

This machine can create digitalized images of internal organs of the body by using strong magnetic fields and radio waves. These images are very helpful in the detection and deciding on treatment of diseases.










Example 3 - ECG - Electrocardiogram Machine
This machine is used to monitor


the heart beat. When the heart pumps blood to different parts of the body some electrical impulses are produced. This machine records the electrical impulses.


Example 4 - Cardiac Screening Machine
This machine displays the physiology of the heart and it displays the movements inside the heart. Through this machine it is  possible to diagnose problems of the heart such as thinning of vains and then recommend treatment.




Example 5 - EEG (Electro-encephalography)
This machine is used to record the activities of the brain. The small electrical probes attached to the head  receive the electrical impulses of the brain and display them on a computer screen. This device can retrieve the data in both states where a patient is awake or asleep.


Example 6 - Blood Sugar Testing Machine
This device would analyze a sa
mple of blood and determine the blood glucose level.

Example 7 - Blood Pressure Measuring Machine
This device which is worn as wrist band can measure the blood pressure of a person at rest and when he/she is involved in some physical activity.

Monday, February 1, 2016

Applications in the field of education



Days are gone when we were stuck among piles of books in order to collect the required information. Today you have the luxury of seeing the entire world at your own convenience, due to all the advancements of ICT.

There are many ways as to how ICT helps you in your education. Let us look at some of them:


 a) In the classroom

There are many ways the computer and the internet are used for education

in the classroom:


 



  •  Creation of images and video
  •   Videos on experiments
  • For presentations 
  •  Desktop publishing of magazines, letters and documents
  •  Educational games (Edutainment)
  • Learning using the CD-ROM media
  • Gathering educational information on theinternet


b) Education - any where anytime

If you have a computer with internet connection, you can study while at home or any other convenient place. For this, you can use the following educational websites to do self study and improve your knowledge.
You can contact with a teacher/trainer via internet. This is called WBT (Web based Training). While you can do further studies using WBT, it helps in minimizing the difficulties of travelling and related expenses also. At the same time, it helps save time and money.


c) Serves as a teaching aid for the teacher

ICT is used mostly as a teaching aid in schools.
Using pictures, animations and audio-visuals to explane subjects that are difficul to explane

To  make  the  lessons  interesting  using precentations
To organize lessons using the computer 
To Obtain the information relevent subjects 


d) Learning Management



In many countries it has become a common practice to use a Learning Manage the System (LMS) to manage school system or higher education system. We need an internet connection to link with the LMS. A person has to register himself/herself on the official website to access LMS of a school or any other education institutions. According to the picture 1.14, teachers           and students can get many services from LMS.



 Some services provided by Learning Management System.



e) Higher education for everyone

With the development of ICT, today a person from any country can connect with a university or any other learning center of his choice and pursue higher education at a considerably low cost. This is called Online Distance Learning.


Features of Distance Learning:

  • No daily time tables, provide the facility to learn at your convenience.
  • Digital library facility on joining a course.
  • Online assignments and quizes.
  •  Contact with a teacher online.
  •  Easy to obtain teacher consultations